Human Resource Management (Strategic Perspectives) Essay

Human Resource Management (Strategic Perspectives) - Essay Example It is, therefore, imperative that call centre employees be exceedingly well-trained in order to ensure, not just the provision of quality service but that the call centre communicate a positive image of the corporation itself. Upon consideration of the importance of call centres, the decision to outsource appears quite monumental as, indeed, it is. Cost considerations, however, firmly establish it as a practical decision. Therefore, prior to outsourcing its call centre operations to India, ABC Incorporated need have a thorough understanding of HR outsourcing, its associate management models, be cognizant of the advantages and disadvantages of such a step and realise the cross-national and cross-cultural challenges which confront such a step in order to best manage them. This report will do just that. The report will commence with an overview of the definition of both outsourcing and HRO. Both these definitions are important for two reasons. In the first place, they give us a solid understanding of the advantages of outsourcing specified HR functions. In the second place, they give us an insight into the ways and means by which the disadvantages associate with HRO may best be managed and contained. Outsourcing: A New Definition for a Historic Phenomenon While popularly perceived of as a new phenomenon for which globalisation is held responsible, Domberger (2005) contends that outsourcing, as contracting, is a historical practice, solidly grounded in economic imperative and principle. As defined by Domberger (2005), outsourcing is best understood as a form of extra-contracting whereby, to reduce overall operational and manufacturing costs and maximise efficiency, firms and manufacturers have, traditionally and historically, contracting out specific steps in the work process. Referring to Adam Smith as the first to theorise this phenomenon, Domberger (2005) borrows the British economist's famous rural-urban example. Instead of rural areas embarking on activities which were not supported by heir environment, such as manufacturing, they focus on the agricultural activities supported by their environ; urban areas, instead of seeking to grow the raw material required for the manufacture of finished products, purchased the aforementioned from the rural areas. Rural and urban areas, thus, entered into an economically co-dependant and cooperative relationship, based on specialisation (Domberger, 2005). Specialisation, insofar as it involved the exploitation of labour tale nt and competencies from without the immediate geographic area, is the basis upon which outsourcing is founded. Domberger (2005) as may be deduced from the above, defines outsourcing as contracting based on specialisation and motivated by such economic imperatives as the exigencies of reducing cost and improving quality in order to remain competitive. Within the context of this definition, outsourcing is hardly a new phenomenon, but a

Obsession in the gothic Essay Example for Free

Obsession in the gothic Essay To what extent do you agree that obsession is a significant element in the gothic writing you have studied? The word obsession means the domination of ones thoughts or feelings by a persistent idea, image or desire. With this in mind, both Faustus and Frankenstein show symptoms of monomania in relation to academic obsession. Similarly, in ‘The Bloody Chamber’ the characters that experience obsession are also male, however they are driven by a different obsession: sexual desire. In the prologue of ‘Doctor Faustus’ it already begins to establish Faustus’ thirst for knowledge and how this resulted in his tragic downfall. Firstly, the Chorus compares Faustus to the Icarus myth â€Å"his waxen wings did mount above his reach†, which suggests that Faustus’ fixation with necromancy is not a power he is supposed to possess, and that his fate will end similarly to Icarus. Furthermore, it states that Faustus â€Å"glutted† for â€Å"learning†. The word gluttony highlights that Faustus’ obsession for knowledge can only result in tragedy because it’s one of the seven deadly sins, and also indicates how extreme Faustus’ obsession is. This is because gluttony’s definition is to gorge yourself with something, and is often to the extent of harm. However, you could argue that Faustus’ greed is not completely based around academic knowledge, and he actually desires rival God in terms of power and knowledge. For instance, when Faustus is listing what he would â€Å"most, desires† he wanted strength that â€Å"exceeded†¦. the mind of man† and was in comparison to â€Å"a mighty god. † In comparison, Frankenstein also overstepped his reach in pursuit of his obsession, and comments that Robert should â€Å"learn† from his mistakes, and that it is â€Å"dangerous† for men who â€Å"aspire to become greater than this nature will allow. † These short quotations show us the viewpoint of Shelley during this period on enlightenment, as she was trying to symbolise a moral and didactic message throughout Frankenstein as a warning of all the forthcomings of what could happen if the exploration of science and knowledge became an obsession. For example, Frankenstein deliberately makes the creature monstrous by making him â€Å"proportionally large† at about â€Å"eight feet in height† because he wanted to finish his creation as soon as possible, and didn’t think about the consequences this would have for the creature when he actually succeeded in bring him to life. On the other hand, in â€Å"The Bloody Chamber† whilst obsession is not as significant as the other two texts, Carter uses masculine sexual obsession to critique how patriarchal our society still is. For example, in ‘The Snow Child† she is called the â€Å"child of his desire†. He wishes for her to be beautiful and nothing else, so it is clear that he is interested only in her appearance and her value as a sexual object. Furthermore, once she has fulfilled her purpose of becoming a sexual object, she dies. This could be Carter symbolizing that once a woman tries to become the objection of a mans obsessions and desires, it becomes impossible for her to ever live up to expectations, and therefore a death sentence.

Government And The Long Island Sound Essay -- essays research papers

The Long Island Sound   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Long Island Sound is a vital resource used by both humans and wildlife. The quality of its water is an issue that affects everyone and everything. Scientific studies and continuous monitoring provide evidence as to what actions need to be taken to improve and restore the water quality. In more ways than one, the United States government has devoted much of its time to ensure the revival and protection of the Long Island Sound.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many ways to help in the protection of the Long Island Sound. Various government agencies and organizations initiate projects beneficial to the Sound. The government donates grants and monies for funding for the Long Island Sound. There are also bills and legislation passed by the government, which provides laws protecting the sound.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Long Island Sound Study (LISS) is a partnership devoted in the restoration and protection of the Sound. This partnership involves federal, state, interstate, and local agencies, universities, environmental groups, industry, and the public in a program to protect and restore the health of Long Island Sound. The Long Island Sound Study has seven issues deserving special attention. These issues are low oxygen conditions, otherwise called hypoxia, toxic contamination, pathogen contamination, floatable debris, the impact of these water quality problems and habitat degradation and loss on the health of living resources, public involvement and education, and land use.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The LISS is undergoing studies that in hopes will reduce the extent of hypoxia. In order to restore the health of Long Island Sound additional nitrogen reduction is needed. Two major research efforts have provided much of the information on how low oxygen conditions affect living resources in the Sound. The EPA’s (Environmental Protections Agencies) Office of Research and Development conducted a study which was the first major research effort.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The study used a variety of species of fish, crab, shrimp, lobster, and other crustaceans known to live on the bottom waters of the Long Island Sound were exposed to low levels of oxygen in the laboratory. The effect of different concentration of oxygen on growth and survival was measured. The second study w... ...responsible for billions of dollars of the regions economy. The government is right in its decision to do anything within reason to help the revival and preservation of the Sound. I am an environmentalist and am very pro- nature and wildlife. I feel that if we as humans are destroying and polluting the Sound, it is our responsibility to join in the effort to restore it for generations of people and wildlife to come. Works Cited DeVilleneuve, Robert, and Frank Herec. Long Island Sound Study: Summary of the Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan. New York: The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Bureau of Publications, 1994. Long Island Sound Study Partnership. Long Island Sound Study: Phase III Actions for Hypoxia Management. New York: The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Bureau of Publications, 1998. United States. Congress. House. Long Island Sound Preservation and Protection Act. Washington: May 2, 2000. United States. Congress. House. Long Island Sound Protection Act. Washington: July 13, 1999. United States. Congress. House. Long Island Sound Restoration Act. Washington: May 8, 2000.

Maintaining Patient Safety Essay

Maintaining Patient Safety When working in an acute care setting such as a hospital, safety is the number one priority. A safe environment greatly reduces the risk for illness or injury. It’s not only for the patient; it’s also for the healthcare provider. For a nurse, it begins when she/he meets the patient. She must assess the room and make sure there is no debris littered on the floor, that all IV tubing is untangled and not on the floor, and that the patient’s bed is down in the lowest position with both side rails up. One mistake that has been committed is having the patient’s bed in a high level in order to prevent back strain, but then remembering that they forgot the linens and leave the room with the patient basically â€Å"in the air†. The problem with this is that is the patient is drowsy, or groggy, or is incapable of walking and ends up rolling and falling off. The patient could also be of a different height and assume their feet will touch the floor and instead end up falling off the side of the bed. This is why before you leave a room you must make sure to lower the bed back to its original position, low. Although the bed has four side rails you can only keep two up at a time unless ordered by a physician for the patient’s safety, otherwise it is considered false imprisonment. In order to avoid this easily avoidable error we must remember to finish what we complete with the patient and then to lower the bed and make sure the side rails are raised. If by chance we forgot something outside of the patient’s room, stop and lower the bed, and when you return, raise it again. Without these cautionary details, a patient could fall and end up remaining hospitalized for an extended time.

Brian Mulroney

Throughout Canadian history there have been many influential political leaders in the past, but none as powerful or significant as Brian Mulroney. Despite the many political criticisms, Brian Mulroney served as the longest conservative prime minister in Canada, he attained a struggle through his pre-political life, which lead him to cleaning up his act and leading the conservative party to the greatest majority in Canadian history, he goes on to serve the legacy of one of the greatest political leaders of all time. Martin Brian Mulroney was born in 1939, the son of an electrician, in the town of Baie Comeau, Quebec. He attended a very strict military all boys’ school until the age of 16 when he entered Saint Francis Xavier University in Nova Scotia. There he earned an honor degree in political science and he was active in campus politics. Before he graduated he was to become the Prime Minister of St. FX’s famous mock Parliament, a position that had been held for years by Liberal students. It was during these years in Quebec that Brian became known as the life of the party. He frequented most Montreal nightclubs and was quite a lady’s man. He also became a slightly more than social drinker. After becoming a lawyer in 1965 he joined a law firm known as Cate Ogilvy, later becoming a partner in that firm. In May 1973 at the age of 34 he married a beautiful 20 year old Mila Pivnicki, daughter of Yugoslav immigrants, and they had three children. Mulroney worked energetically for the Progressive Conservative Party as a young lawyer. Although Mulroney had not yet held public office, he ran for election as Conservative leader at the party's 1976 national convention. He waged a vigorous and expensive campaign but lost to Joe Clark after being criticized as the Cadillac Candidate for spending so much money. This was a very bleak time in his life, he took the Leadership loss very personally and it almost ruined him. A few years after taking the job of President of the Iron Ore Company of Canada he decided that he would clean himself up. In 1977 Brian went to an Alcoholics Anonymous meeting for people who didn’t want the world to know they had a problem. In 1982, because of an economic depression, the Iron Ore Company of Canada was forced to close one of its mining and milling towns in Quebec. At first this appeared to be a disastrous political setback however, he turned it into a public relations triumph by making the people of the town in question believe that there were other alternatives when there were none and by negotiating settlements for the workers who had lost their jobs. This earned him respect and won him general support and his reputation was enhanced. In mid-1983 Clark's leadership was being questioned, Brian Mulroney was again a candidate who campaigned, he actually had been paying people to ruin Clarks chances of getting the nomination again. He was elected party leader on June 11, 1983 and he entered the House of Commons on August 28, 1983. Despite inexperience, he was an effective leader of the opposition against Pierre Elliot Trudeau. Trudeau retired and John Turner took his place. The new Prime Minister had a lack of political skills, having been out of politics for some nine years. Consequently, Turner's electoral campaign against Mulroney was difficult. This contained three debates between the two party leaders, during which both English and French were spoken. In these debates, Mulroney, who is bilingual, won wide support for the Conservatives. The election result was the greatest triumph for a party in Canadian history. The depressed state of the Canadian economy and Canada's somewhat tense relations with the United States were problems that Mulroney promised to deal with if his party were returned to power. With unemployment at more than 11 percent, Mulroney also said to make job creation his first aim. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) came into effect January 1, 1994. NAFTA was launched 15 years ago to reduce trading costs, increase business investment, and help North America be more competitive in the global marketplace and Brian Mulroney is to thank for this. Mulroney's legacy is complicated and even emotional. March 31, 2009 it was reported by that a Conservative official claimed Mulroney was no longer a member of the party. They claimed his membership expired in 2006 and was not renewed. Additionally, Mulroney allegedly â€Å"called a senior party official two months ago to ask that his name be pulled off all party lists and materials and that communications with him cease. † However, A Mulroney confidante, speaking on condition of anonymity, called the party's claims preposterous. ‘He's part of the history of this party, you can't rewrite history. If they're worried about branding, then shut the inquiry down. They're the ones who called the inquiry. ‘ Mulroney possessed many important significant attributes to being one of the greatest Canadian politicians. As well as some great failures in his career as P. M. Mulroney would be remembered for some good things he had done such as the Nunavut Agreement with the Inuit of the eastern arctic, which set in motion the creation of a third Canadian Territory. He was also an architect of the Francophone summit, which is a yearly meeting of the leaders of the worlds French speaking nations. Though Mulroney had retained a parliamentary majority in the 1988 elections, widespread public opposition to the free-trade agreement and his inability to resolve the Quebec problem caused Mulroney's popularity to decline sharply, and he resigned in 1993. He was replaced as P. M. and head of the Progressive Conservative Party by Defense Minister Kim Campbell, a girl. In conclusion, Brian Mulroney was one of the greatest prime ministers of all time, he served as the longest conservative prime minister in Canada, he attained a struggle through his pre-political life, which lead him to cleaning up his act and leading the conservative party to the greatest majority in Canadian history, he goes on to serve the legacy of one of the greatest political leaders of all time. Work Cited Blake, Raymond Benjamin. Transforming the nation: Canada and Brian Mulroney. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2007. http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/arts/movies/review-i-almost-feel-sorry-for-brian-mulroney/article1985513/ http://www.ogilvyrenault.com/en/people_BrianMulroney.htm http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/396954/Brian-Mulroney http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0834401.html

Abraham Lincolns Gettysburg Address, Facts and Myths

Abraham Lincolns Gettysburg Address, Facts and Myths On November 19, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln delivered a few appropriate remarks at the dedication of Soldiers National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. From a platform set some distance away from the ongoing burial operations, Lincoln addressed a crowd of 15,000 people. The president spoke for three minutes. His speech contained just 272 words, including the observation that the world will little note, nor long remember what we say here. Yet Lincolns Gettysburg Address endures. In the view of historian James McPherson, it stands as the worlds foremost statement of freedom and democracy and the sacrifices required to achieve and defend them. Over the years, historians, biographers, political scientists, and rhetoricians have written countless words about Lincolns brief speech. The most comprehensive study remains Garry Willss Pulitzer Prize-winning book Lincoln at Gettysburg: The Words That Remade America (Simon Schuster, 1992). In addition to examining the political circumstances and oratorical antecedents of the speech, Wills dispels several myths, including these: The silly but persistent myth is that [Lincoln] jotted his brief remarks on the back of an envelope [while  riding the train  to  Gettysburg]. . . . In fact, two people testified that Lincolns speech was mainly composed in Washington, before he left for Gettysburg.Though we call Lincolns text the Gettysburg Address, that title clearly belongs to [Edward] Everett. Lincolns contribution, labeled remarks, was intended to make the dedication formal (somewhat like ribbon-cutting at modern openings). Lincoln was not expected to speak at length.Some later accounts would emphasize the length of the main speech [Everetts two-hour oration], as if that were an ordeal or an imposition on the audience. But in the mid-19th century, a talk of several hours was customary and expected.Everetts voice was sweet and expertly modulated; Lincolns was high to the point of shrillness, and his Kentucky accent offended some eastern sensibilities. But Lincoln derived an advantage from his high tenor voic e. . . . He knew a good deal about rhythmic delivery and meaningful inflections. Lincolns text was polished, his delivery emphatic, he was interrupted by applause five times. [T]he myth that Lincoln was disappointed in the result- that he told the unreliable [Ward] Lamon that his speech, like a bad plow, wont scour- has no basis. He had done what he wanted to do. Above all its worth noting that Lincoln composed the address without the aid of speechwriters or advisers. As Fred Kaplan recently observed in Lincoln: The Biography of a Writer (HarperCollins, 2008), Lincoln is distinguished from every other president, with the exception of Jefferson, in that we can be certain that he wrote every word to which his name is attached. Words mattered to Lincoln- their meanings, their rhythms, their effects. On February 11, 1859, two years before he became president, Lincoln delivered a lecture to the Phi Alpha Society of Illinois College. His topic was Discoveries and Inventions: Writing- the art of communicating thoughts to the mind, through the eye- is the great invention of the world. Great in the astonishing range of analysis and combination which necessarily underlies the most crude and general conception of it- great, very great in enabling us to converse with the dead, the absent, and the unborn, at all distances of time and of space; and great, not only in its direct benefits, but greatest help, to all other inventions. . . .Its utility may be conceived, by the reflection that, to it we owe everything which distinguishes us from savages. Take it from us, and the Bible, all history, all science, all government, all commerce, and nearly all social intercourse go with it. Its Kaplans belief that Lincoln was the last president whose character and standards in the use of language avoided the distortions and other dishonest uses of language that have done so much to undermine the credibility of national leaders. To re-experience Lincolns words, try reading aloud his two best-known speeches: The Gettysburg AddressThe Second Inaugural Address of Abraham Lincoln Afterward, if youd like to test your familiarity with Lincolns rhetoric, take our Reading Quiz on the Gettysburg Address.

Community Development Workers Face

Community Development Workers Face Community development (CD) can be defined as the empowerment of members of a community. This empowerment is tailored to ensure that the members of the community are not only willing, but also able to make good decisions about their lives. Community development is relevant in any country, regardless of whether the country is a developing country or an already developed country.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Community Development Workers Face specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although term community development is mainly used to refer to the economic empowerment of a community, this is not all community development is about. CD is not only meant for economic related concepts, but also for other life concepts that are of concern. It could revolve around education, politics, and health among other things. There are very many people who work as community development workers. They include civil servants, teachers, and tho se working in non- governmental organizations that deal with community development. In as much as these and other community development workers work to make the community self sufficient, there are very many challenges, tensions, and dilemmas that get in their way. The community development workers have to be good at what they do, despite all these challenges. A community development worker is supposed to be well trained in order to do his or her work accordingly. A CD worker is also supposed to be organized, a good facilitator, a good public speaker, able to work in teams, and a good problem solver. There are, however, very many challenges that make community development workers unable to be the best that they can be. Some of these challenges are personal while others affect every community development worker regardless of the region they are located. The most common personal dilemmas that the community development workers face revolve around individual ethics. The other problems t hat CD workers face revolve around governments, funding, and social problems among other issues (Hoggett, Mayo, Miller, 2008, p. 34). One of the biggest challenges that make the community development worker’s work difficult is shallow training. There are many universities and colleges that offer community development as a course, yet most of their students cannot solve some of the common problems in their respective societies. The Kenyan society has had its share of community development projects. The country is categorized as a developing country in Africa. However, there are very many members of this country who do not know how to make fulfilling decisions. This is mainly visible in matters that concern finances. Very many of the elderly in the community are illiterate and they cannot make decisions concerning education and health.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This presents a huge challenge to the community development workers in the country. CD workers are unable to have satisfactory conversations and projects with some of the members of the community due to language barriers among other barriers. The students who have taken the course in schools have also not been well trained. The school curriculum is not sufficient for the societal problems that Kenya and other developing countries face. It is possible to find that the students taking CD courses use case studies that were relevant more than a decade ago. The students should be encouraged to use recent case studies even though the lessons of the past might be useful in solving some of the problems today. This will not only ensure that students can think on their feet, but it will also ensure that the solutions that they come up with in the future for the societal problems will be relevant. Failure to ensure that the students keep relevant can lead to low standards among community devel opment workers. Another challenge that the community development workers in many areas face is culture. There are various types of cultures that an individual can have. For example, an individual can have the culture that they were born in. One could be an Asian, thereby possessing the Asian culture. There are also cultures that one adopts as they socialize in life. Workmates in the same company have a certain work culture that might be different from the work culture of the members of another company. The cultures that are adopted through the process of socialization shape the personalities, attitudes, and beliefs of the individual in question. Some of the cultures that members of the community have made it impossible for the community development workers to do their job sufficiently. For example, one of the commonest cultures in the Latina community is that in a restaurant, the waiter should give the client the bill only after the client has asked for it. Giving the client the bil l before they ask for it is considered rude and unacceptable. This has put the Latinos in awkward positions with other cultures, especially the white people who do not agree with the practice.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Community Development Workers Face specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In relation to community development, it is possible to find that many restaurant owners believe that people from the Latino community are not good customers because they are known to run away without paying their bills. The other communities, therefore, shun the Latinos, thereby making it impossible for the community development workers work with them. The community development workers also get little support for their projects. There are governments that do not allow some types of community development projects. For example, the Gladstones Philip Street social services hub in Australia has had a hard time getting the required funding from the federal government. The project involves child care, retirement, and entertainment concepts that were to be set up in the region. All the facilities that were to be included in the project were for the benefit of the community. However, the politics and the ethics of the federal government did not allow this project to go through. This is just one example of some of the community development projects that have been rejected by governments over the years. Many of the governments have claimed that the projects that were rejected were either irrelevant or very expensive. This denied them the desired support. There are also projects that have been approved by governments but have never been implemented. These include the projects that are implemented slowly and for very many years. Such projects waste time and do not help the community in any way. This shows that the community development worker who was involved in the creation of a concept that was supposed to be helpf ul to the community did his/her part of the work had no impact on changing of the community for the better. This, in turn, means that the community involved will still be lagging behind in some aspects. For example, the Clean Development Mechanism project that is designed to help in the conservation of the environment has met one challenge after the other. This is a project that is to be implemented in very many countries that formed the treaty.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is no one country that has achieved the full goals of this project up to today. Other countries that are also included in this treaty have not done anything toward the implementation of the treaty. The governments of these countries can be blamed for this. Politics and politicians can also present a big challenge to the community development workers. Politics can do this by refusing grants that are forwarded to fund such developments. They also present challenges by linking all the community development projects to politics. This becomes a disadvantage to the community development worker as some members of the community might not be comfortable with the project. This is mainly true in the areas that did not vote for the government in power. The bitterness that the members of the specific community might have toward the government might make them refuse any kind of community development project supported by the government. It is true that all community development projects rely on the members of the community. The project is seen as a failure if members of the community refuse to participate in the project for any reason whatsoever. The formulation of policies for the community development projects also presents several challenges. In most countries, community development projects are usually funded by non-governmental organizations and the government itself. It is very difficult to find individuals funding entire community development projects. The sponsors usually want the projects to be finished as quickly as possible since they have very little to gain from the community development project. This might mean overlooking some of the important aspects that might make a huge difference. This, in turn, leads to short term results. The community might get the knowledge that was being passed, but forget the lessons after a short while. This takes the entire community one step backwards. Such projects are usually beneficial to the sponsors who want to create a better image of themselves to the public. It has also been evident that the rate of change in general in the world is greater than that of community development policies. This means that the world is changing at a very fast rate such that community development workers have a hard time catching up. For instance, the policies that were used last year to solve the problems of a community are not applicable this year to solve the problems of the same community. This might be due to different factors. For example, new challenges might have arisen, making the specific policy that was used a year ago useless. It is also possible that the technological advancements that are experienced in the world play a major role in the failure of community development workers. These technological advancements have created new problems that CD workers have to address on a daily basis. Another dilemma that the community development workers face is intertwining and connecting social factors. In this day and age, there are very many factors in the community that are related. This means that changing one factor might affect other factors directly or indirectly and the results can be good or bad. The community development worker has to ensure that the factors that will be affected by the change they are advocating for are not depended upon by the community in question (Brake Deller, 2008, p. 94). For example, the issue of street urchins has been among the hotly debated topics in many developing and developed countries. Many of the projects that have been put up to ensure the removal of children from the streets have proven futile. Most of the developing countries have tried putting street teenagers and kids in school and children’s homes. However, many of the street urchins are unable to stay in school and in the homes. They, therefore, run away. The factors that revolve around this issue of street urchins include socialization and culture. Many parents do not feel safe when t heir children interact with street urchins. This gives the street urchins a very hard time at school. Sadly, very few people in the community want to be associated with street urchins. These, among other factors, have made the community development projects related to improving the lives of the street urchins difficult, if not impossible. In the same breath, building of rehab centres in the cities has led to an increase in the number of people abusing drugs. This might not have been the intention of the community development workers who advocated for the rehab centres. In this scenario building of the rehab centres affects another social factor by increasing the number of people who abuse drugs. There are also the ethical challenges and dilemmas that the community development worker faces. These ethical challenges also affect the work quality of the community development worker in question. Respect is one of the most conflicting factors in community development. Most community devel opment workers interact with the members of the community closely. CD workers are supposed to respect the views and opinions of the individuals that they interact with. However, there are some times when the individual themselves might be rude toward the community development worker. This puts the worker in a bad position since they are not supposed to argue with the people they are interacting, despite feeling hurt and probably wanting to become defensive (Hoggett, Mayo, Miller, 2008, p. 34). Another ethical dilemma that any community development worker faces is not being in agreement with the project at hand. For example, an individual might not be comfortable teaching the public about reproductive health because they are shy, or their culture does not allow such discussions. However, the CD worker will have to do the project if they are in need of work. Unfortunately, the fact that they are not comfortable with the work might affect the end results of the project. There are also some sponsors who engage in community development for other reasons apart from helping the society. Many governments have experienced this problem. Some of the decisions that the government makes are not only to help the citizens of the specific country, but also to benefit them individually. For example, projects that involve the construction of dams, wells, and schools among other facilities can be awarded to personal friends of the government. Even though this problem does not affect the community directly, it is an ethical dilemma for the community development worker and might affect their desire to do the project. Conclusion There are very many challenges that the community development worker has to overcome in order to do their job accordingly. Many of the problems that have been discussed are brought about by governments and the society. The problems that the community development worker faces due to personal attitude, beliefs, and culture are very minimal. Despite these cha llenges and dilemmas, the community development worker is expected to be a good facilitator and problem-solver. One thing that is clear is that the work of the community development workers will be reduced to identifying problems in the society and not being able to solve them if the problems the CD workers face are not addressed exhaustively. Reference List Brake, R Deller, U 2008, Community development: A European challenge, Barbra Budrich Publishers, Stauffenbergstr, Germany Hoggett, P, Mayo, M, Miller, C 2008, The dilemmas of development work: Ethical challenges in regeneration, The Policy Press, Bristol, UK

How to Conjugate Traverser (to Cross) in French

How to Conjugate Traverser (to Cross) in French The French verb  traverser  means to cross, as in to traverse something. That makes it a little easier to remember, though youll also need to know how to conjugate the verb. A short lesson will introduce you to the basic conjugations so you can use it in French to say things like I crossed or were crossing. The Basic Conjugations of  Traverser French students who have studied other verbs will recognize the conjugation patterns used for traverser. Thats because this is a regular -er verb, meaning it follows the most common pattern found in the French language. If you have studied words like penser (to think) or porter (to carry), the infinitive endings used here will look familiar. The most common conjugations are the imperative mood for the present, future, and imperfect past tenses. Using the chart, locate the correct conjugation by matching the subject pronoun with the appropriate tense for the subject. This will tell you which ending is added to the verb stem of  travers-. For example, I am crossing is  je traverse  and we crossed is  nous traversions Present Future Imperfect je traverse traverserai traversais tu traverses traverseras traversais il traverse traversera traversait nous traversons traverserons traversions vous traversez traverserez traversiez ils traversent traverseront traversaient The Present Participle of Traverser Adding an -ant ending to the stem of traverser gives you the present participle of traversant. Traverser  in the Compound Past Tense The  passà © composà ©Ã‚  is a compound past tense that is often used in French and you might find it easier than the imperfect. Thats because you only need to conjugate the  auxiliary verb  avoir  into the present tense to match the subject, then attach the  past participle  traversà ©. The construction is rather easy. For example, I crossed is  jai traversà ©Ã‚  and we crossed is  nous avons traversà ©. Even though  avoir  is in the present tense, the past participle takes over the job of explaining that the action has already taken place. More Simple Conjugations of  Traverser There are a number of other conjugations of  traverser  and each has a different purpose, but were going to stick with the essentials for this lesson. As you expand your vocabulary, you might want to imply that the action of crossing may or may not happen. In that case, youll use the subjunctive. If, however, the crossing wont happen unless something else does, you can use the conditional.   On rare occasions, you might encounter the passà © simple or imperfect subjunctive. While theyre not essential additions to your French vocabulary, they are good to know. Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je traverse traverserais traversai traversasse tu traverses traverserais traversas traversasses il traverse traverserait traversa traverst nous traversions traverserions traversmes traversassions vous traversiez traverseriez traverstes traversassiez ils traversent traverseraient traversrent traversassent Lets suppose that you need to tell someone to Cross! in an emergency or some other situation that requires a quick, short command. In these instances, you can turn to the imperative  form of traverser. When using it, skip the subject pronoun and simply say, Traverse ! Imperative (tu) traverse (nous) traversons (vous) traversez

Real world negotiation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Real world negotiation - Assignment Example At the same time, he walked towards the exit threatening to leave. Afraid to lose a sale, Chris called him back and requested him to be patient. Josh offered Chris R.200 for the shoes. However, after much bargaining, the two were approaching an agreement at R.300 for the black shoes. Josh changed his mind almost immediately, claiming that he liked the grey shoes more and would buy them if Chris offered him a free water-bottle. Chris sold him the grey pair of shoes along with the water-bottle for R.300. The â€Å"lowball/ highball† tactic is used to make the other party move towards the resistance point. The tactic is used majorly in business negotiations, where the purchasing party quotes an extremely low price to induce the seller to lower the opening offer. In the above situation, Josh’s asking price was R.200, which was much lower than the seller’s price of R.500. Eventually, the tactic paid off since Josh eventually convinced Chris to sell the shoes to him at R.300.Therefore, this situation fulfills the lowball/highball tactic of negotiation. In this case, an emotional ploy is used to force the other party into bending their will towards the intimidator’s likeness (Ghauri, Pervez and Usunier 90).When used in any negotiation, the intimidator will feign an emotion such as anger to make the other party do what they want out of fear/panic. In this situation, Josh dropped the shoes and threatened to leave the store. The act of anger intimidated Chris, forcing him to call Josh back for a better negotiation. The intimidation tactic worked perfectly for Josh. The â€Å"aggressive behaviour† tactic is used to force the other party to make concessions to reach an agreement (Ghauri, Pervez and Usunier 91). Josh uses this tactic when he notifies Chris that he does not want to waste time, and also when he asks him to explain the high price of R. 500. In this case, the tactic was not helpful as Chris does not bother explaining how he obtained his

A Study of Performances Improvement on IT Project Management Workers Dissertation

A Study of Performances Improvement on IT Project Management Workers ..A Case Study of China's C Information Technologies Co - Dissertation Example Moreover, Maslow’s motivational theory is used in understanding the motivation for improved performance within C Information Technologies Ltd. More importantly, the evaluation and discussion of factors affecting the performance of individuals and the strategies used by companies to improve performance are analysed and discussed within the paper. Introduction and Background The human resource function of contemporary organizations has revealed an increased focus on performance management for IT employees. Wikina (2008, p. 19) explains that this is attributed to the increased competitiveness within various markets and the changes in work activities which emanate from the advancement of information and communication technology. Performance management involves employee evaluation within the IT department which acts as a guideline for the needs of employees for skills, knowledge and abilities that will allow them to improve their productivity and performance at the work place (Gheo rghe & Hack, 2007, p. 17). China is a very competitive and rapidly growing economy especially within the IT sector. In addition, companies operating in China have experienced tremendous changes in the recent past which are related to the changing business environment and the demand for IT expertise. It is because of these challenges that most organizations and companies within China have demonstrated an increased regard for performance improvement for IT staff through employee development and training. This paper presents a report on the investigation on performance improvement among IT project management workers within C Information Technologies Ltd. The Chinese company acts as a case study for this investigation which is aimed at achieving a deeper understanding of the process of performance management as it is applicable within this company. More specifically, the study will achieve an analysis and evaluation of the characteristics of the company’s IT staff such as skills and attitudes towards work. This analysis will be conjugated with a study on the various factors which affect the performance of the C Information Technologies Ltd.’s IT staff with a view of determining the need for improvement. Furthermore the paper explores past literature on the topic to analyse and discuss the factors affecting performance management and the best strategies of improving the performance of the IT project workers within the IT industry. More significantly though is the fact that this study applies scientific methodology approach in meeting the following research questions and objectives. Objectives of the Study 1. To explore upon the theoretical framework on incentives and motivation of IT project staff which contributes to improved performance 2. To find out the important factors which affect job performance of IT project staff 3. To determine the most effective techniques and strategies in performance management which will improve the performance of IT pr oject staff within C Information Technologies Ltd. Research Questions 1. What are the performance characteristics of IT project staff within C Information Technologies Ltd? 2. What theoretical framework describes the motivations and incentives behind the level of performance among the c C Information Tec

Woman Crouching and Pollard Birches Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Woman Crouching and Pollard Birches - Essay Example Since Van Gogh used a special ink in his drawing, an iron gall ink, the artwork got through a deterioration due to the decaying of the ink. This made the paper of his artwork consume itself. â€Å"The drawing is 34 x 54 cm in size, produced in Nuenen of March 1884. The artwork is displayed in Van Gogh Museum at Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Europe†1. The â€Å"Woman Crouching† by Egon Schiele. This drawing is a 70 x 100 artwork pencil drawing on a durable vellum paper, 1918. His artworks were known for distorted nude and semi-nude drawings that transpires eroticism and suffering. Schiele was sometime imprisoned due to immortality and during his arrest he was able to create a number of drawings and watercolors that really showcased his artistry. â€Å"He was able to produce around 3,500 artworks during his lifetime (1890 – 1918)†2. ______________________ 1 Van Gogh, Vincent. â€Å"Pollard Birches† 1884. Online, http://www.vangoghgallery.com/catalog/Dra wing/1395/Pollard-Birches.html 7 November 2011. 2 Schiele, Egon. â€Å"Crouching Woman† 1918. Online, http://www.allposters.com/-sp/Woman-Crouching-1918-Posters_i8065143_.htm 7 November 2011. 2. Comparison The first point to compare is the aerial or the atmospheric perspective of the two images. Image number one showcases great distinctive intrusion as it transpires better depth than image number two. It gives beating of contrast and element as it draws farther in view which illustrates its depth and illusion of space. â€Å"The partial overlapping of one object from the other also brings about heightened emphasis and greater perspective to the image which supersedes its focus and identity†3. The shades, shadow, brightness and texture bring in life to the first image than the image number two. Thus for the point of foreshortening, image #2 is better than image #1. It appears that the objects emerge compacted which therefore takes in an effect on its perspective that li ves out distortion as what has mostly seen in the works of the artist in image number two. â€Å"Consequently, it makes the foreshortening of the image to be an artistic medium that brings about volume and dimension†4. It has successfully executed drama and emphasized greater space. The first picture emphasizes depth while image number two alleviates it artistry through the volume and dimension of the picture. Lastly is the value of the drawing. The aim is to make your drawing realistic. In this case, image #1 was able to create value to the drawing through shading and focus between areas. â€Å"Building up the bare surroundings and lightly shading the focus areas is the approach given to this that therefore creates an illusion of dimension†5. Image #2 thus on the other hand fails to give a value drawing for it has distinct lines which made it a linear drawing than a value one. 3 N.p. â€Å"Atmospheric or Aerial Perspective† 2004. Online, http://studiochalkboard .evansville.edu/ap-aerial.html 7 November 2011. 4 Helen South. â€Å"Foreshortening†. Online, http://drawsketch.about.com/od/drawingglossary/g/foreshortening.htm 7 November 2011. 5 Helen South. â€Å"Drawing Value – Shading Tonal Values with Graphite Pencil†. Online, http://drawsketch.about.com/cs/pencilgraphite/a/tonal_drawing.htm 7 November 2011. 3. Conclusion Taking into consideration the three bases of comparison in this paper which includes; Atmospheric Perspective, Foreshortening and Value we can now therefore conclude that image number one (Pollard Birches) is better than image number two (Crouching Woman). To support this conclusion, here are other artworks made by the two artists (Right by; â€Å"Vincent Van Gogh† 6 and Left by; â€Å"Egon Schiele† 7). It can be clearly seen that the drawings of Van Gogh are more in-depth that the works of Schiele. Though they are beautiful in

Physical Assesment Case Study # 2 Research Paper

Physical Assesment Case Study # 2 - Research Paper Example For instance; diabetes can be detected first through an eye examination (Lavine, 2001). Before admission of the patient, it is important to present a comprehensive document containing the history and exam findings of the patient. Additionally, a medical plan should be outlined in addressing the issue which led to hospital visit by the patient. In the document, the information should be arranged in a logical order. The data that has immediate relevant information about the patient’s conditions should be given priority. This information is important to the medical service providers that are going to attend to this particular patient. Finally, this document is crucial for medical purposes (Blanco et al., 2002). Jessica, 32 years lady, has experienced a decrease of vision in her left eye. The condition started this morning and it has worsened progressively over the past few hours. In the past, a month ago, she had blurring of her vision. She has been experiencing some pain when trying to move her eye. When the eye is rested there is no such pain. She also has problem of determining colors. The condition just came and it was not triggered by exposure to chemicals. The eyes do not show any sign of redness or tearing. In her argument, she thinks that past condition is related to the present condition. Additionally, she has observed that the problem might be related to overheating since the vision improved when she went to a cool air condition environment. She has always been physically healthy. It is only in her childhood that at 10 years she had chickenpox. She also had tonsillectomy at age 11. She has never been hospitalized in the past. It has also been noted that her father had coronary artery disease and her mother suffered from hypertension. Currently she has no other medical problems. In the area of education and career; she is a trained mathematics teacher at undergraduate

Education and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Education and Society - Essay Example From the discussion it is clear that  functionalism states that every society’s aspect is interdependent and contributes to the functioning of the whole society. The government provides education for the state’s children whereas the same citizens of the state pay tax to keep the government running. According to Emile Dhurkenim, the society is held together by cohesion or social consensus whereby the citizens concur together and work to accomplish the best for the society at- large. This essay will discuss the functionalist perspective of the central government control of curriculum content is schools.According to the report findings  the central government should provide education for the children of the family, which then the citizens pay taxes to sustain the government’s operations. This ensures the family is dependent on the school in assisting the growing up of the children, ensuring good jobs for the children to grow and sustain their own families. Centr al government control of curriculum content in schools means that the government is fully in-charge of developing, facilitating and ensuring that the curriculum it comes up with is taught in the schools. The government comes up with various education policies regarding the curriculum to be taught and enforces the same. Through this direct involvement, the government ensures that it consults all the major stakeholders in the education industry in order to develop the curriculum.   The policy is enforced using various strategies, ensuring the full implementation and evaluation of the curriculum, to check its functionality. All state machinery is put to task ensuring that the curriculum works in accordance to set processes and procedures by the government. This paper discusses the central government functionalist perspective on curriculum content in schools (Bundy and Mathews, 1998, p. 29). According to Durkheim research, he came up with three irrefutable facts to social sciences. Am ong them were the social facts that were underlying the institutions such as the family, state and education. Since all stakeholders were part of the development in the central government controlled curriculum, implementing the curriculum does not become a major challenge. The government values education and it is for the paramount reason that the central government comes up with various funding mechanisms for the curriculum since it understands that a learned population for the country is a key pillar for economical significance and empowerment. The country’s constitution entrenches education as a fundamental right for the people, making it obligatory for the government to, fully control the curriculum to be taught (Turner, 2012, p. 17). Central governments are adequately aware that education is a paramount fundamental right for its citizens and therefore it has the authority and mandate to provide education. The central government thus develops the curriculum. Here the cent ral government controls the educational institutions indirectly. Standardization is the key element of education since the people of that particular country will be taught the same things regardless of personal status. The central government comes with a standard-based curriculum that ensures changes regarding how teachers teach and the way schools are managed. The central gove

Action Plan for a Learning Organization Assignment

Action Plan for a Learning Organization - Assignment Example For example, the communications department may consist of employees whose skills are not equal. Some may be good in editing; some are better in copy writing and so on. The company should facilitate different skills training to help the employees level off their skills to help each other to finish their designated tasks. Communication systems are innate in any given organizations or companies. To â€Å"develop communication† system is redundant, the better option is evaluate whether the existing communication system is efficient or not. The graphics and design depart speak a different language from the communications team but their workloads are distinct but not separate that’s why the communication system must be open and improved. Communication system and processes differ per department because their functions are different as well. On the other hand, departments are inter-dependent that’s why the improvement of communication system is necessary. For example, the communication department has an entirely different purpose and function to the human resource department. A capacity building training and company orientation for the employees is needed to achieve this Some employees may only be concerned on the matters of their department without appreciating their department’s relevance to other department. The company should facilitate harmony and unity among its workers. It is insignificant if all employees know each other’s work deliverables especially if they don’t have anything to do with it. Gossiping may arise if all the information per department will be known or made available to all. For example, the communications, public relations and media team should foster open communication lines because their workloads are interrelated. However, it is still pleasant to have open communication lines among different departments. For example for a long time a company has been using Microsoft Office but

Education and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Education and Society - Essay Example From the discussion it is clear that  functionalism states that every society’s aspect is interdependent and contributes to the functioning of the whole society. The government provides education for the state’s children whereas the same citizens of the state pay tax to keep the government running. According to Emile Dhurkenim, the society is held together by cohesion or social consensus whereby the citizens concur together and work to accomplish the best for the society at- large. This essay will discuss the functionalist perspective of the central government control of curriculum content is schools.According to the report findings  the central government should provide education for the children of the family, which then the citizens pay taxes to sustain the government’s operations. This ensures the family is dependent on the school in assisting the growing up of the children, ensuring good jobs for the children to grow and sustain their own families. Centr al government control of curriculum content in schools means that the government is fully in-charge of developing, facilitating and ensuring that the curriculum it comes up with is taught in the schools. The government comes up with various education policies regarding the curriculum to be taught and enforces the same. Through this direct involvement, the government ensures that it consults all the major stakeholders in the education industry in order to develop the curriculum.   The policy is enforced using various strategies, ensuring the full implementation and evaluation of the curriculum, to check its functionality. All state machinery is put to task ensuring that the curriculum works in accordance to set processes and procedures by the government. This paper discusses the central government functionalist perspective on curriculum content in schools (Bundy and Mathews, 1998, p. 29). According to Durkheim research, he came up with three irrefutable facts to social sciences. Am ong them were the social facts that were underlying the institutions such as the family, state and education. Since all stakeholders were part of the development in the central government controlled curriculum, implementing the curriculum does not become a major challenge. The government values education and it is for the paramount reason that the central government comes up with various funding mechanisms for the curriculum since it understands that a learned population for the country is a key pillar for economical significance and empowerment. The country’s constitution entrenches education as a fundamental right for the people, making it obligatory for the government to, fully control the curriculum to be taught (Turner, 2012, p. 17). Central governments are adequately aware that education is a paramount fundamental right for its citizens and therefore it has the authority and mandate to provide education. The central government thus develops the curriculum. Here the cent ral government controls the educational institutions indirectly. Standardization is the key element of education since the people of that particular country will be taught the same things regardless of personal status. The central government comes with a standard-based curriculum that ensures changes regarding how teachers teach and the way schools are managed. The central gove

ECON WEEK 7 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ECON WEEK 7 - Assignment Example The economy was still in the phase of recovery, when the recent forecast by the International Monetary Fund shattered all hopes of US regaining its status as the world’s largest economy. The IMF forecasted that China will surpass US by 2016 while US will experience â€Å"slow and modest economic growth†. (US Economic Forecast, 2013) The factors that have impeded US economic growth include low GDP growth rate, low employment rate, dip in inflation rates, low interest rates and, most significantly, a major current account balance deficit and a higher debt risk. In such a scenario, the government should focus on productivity gain as a source of economic growth through â€Å"improvement in skills, economies of scale and improved technology†. (Petroff, 1986, 1990 & 2002) This would help in offsetting the effect of the law of diminishing returns, by raising productivity growth in the face of an uncontrollable population

Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

Romeo and Juliet Essay Describe a character or individual in the text whom who found interesting. Explain how the writer made the character or individual interesting to you. I found Juliet to be a very interesting character in the text. She is a very young girl that falls in love fast and changes her character all the way through the play. One of the ways that the writer made Juliet interesting to me was her age. Juliet is at the same age as me. I believe by the writer making her near the same age as me it helps me understand the text better. Because she is the same age the things she does and says makes more sense and we can understand why she does those things. We can relate to the way she changes her character during the play. How she defies her father and her name to be in love with Romeo at such a young age and sacrifices everything to have her true desire. Another way that I found her interesting and how the writer made her interesting to me was how she showed us about how strong and powerful young can be. The writer made her interesting by making her character fall in love at such a young age with Romeo. It shows us how it doesn’t matter how old or young you are you can still find true love. The writer shows us with Juliet how important this relationship was to her by do anything possible to be with Romeo. She went behind her parents back and snuck out with Romeo and again I can relate to this because if you want something our age you do anything to get it. She even said she would change her name and not be a Capulet any longer if it meant not to be with Romeo. Juliet even deified her parents and married Romeo and then went she found out that he was dead she killed her self because she couldn’t not love anymore showing how strong their love was. â€Å" Be not so long to speak ; I long to die, If what thou speak’st speak not of remedy† The last way that the writer made Juliet very interesting was changing Juliet’s attitude to everything from her parents to Romeo throughout the play. At the start of the play Juliet honored her family’s name and worshiped her mother rand father. Her desire wouldn’t go past what her mother or father wanted. â€Å"But no more will I endart mine eye that your consent gives strength to make it fly† However through the playa s she meets Romeo and falls in love with him she strays away from them sneaking out going behind their backs and going against their name and what they stand for. â€Å"Or , if thou wilt not,be but sworn my love, And I will no longer be a Capulet† She goes through the play being impatient and angry to impulsive wanting to be with Romeo so bad the being desperate to always being with him until Romeo dies and Juliet is in such pain where she cannot bear to live without him that she kills herself.

The Failure of Integration Essay -- essays research papers

The Failure of Integration After four decades of school integration America has given up, and the question is: "Why?". I believe the answer is because absolutely nothing worked! Bussing was a hassle, most magnet schools were set up for false reasons, and everything was very costly. With everything they tried there were still no significant changes in the test scores of the minority students. So now here we are in the late 21st century and it can all be summed up with what Chris Hansen of the American Civil Liberties Union in New York City believes the courts are saying, "We still agree with the goal of school desegregation, but it's too hard, and we're tired of it, and we give up." It all started with Brown v. Board of Education saying "Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." There began a plan to desegregate public schools across America. The first plan was bussing when Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education stated that federal courts could order bussing to desegregate schools. However in most cases bussing became much more of a hassle than a helper. There were many revolts from parents making situations even more horrible. Most students wanted to go to their neighborhood schools and not be bussed for long trips to attend a 'better' school. In Seattle the school board unanimously voted to "avoid race-based school assignment and increase enrollment in s...

Examine the factors which explain the differences between economic Essa

Examine the factors which explain the differences between economic growth rates in countries. Economic growth is the long term increase in productive capacity as shown by an outward shift on a PPF curve. The PPF shows the maximum potential output of the economy. Productive capacity is an economies ability to produce goods and services, so if an economy grows, it can produce more goods and services for the population of the economy to use. Differences in Economic growth in countries result due to many factors, such as land and its resources. The amount of land a country possesses, and all the natural resources it finds on the land can affect the amount of output. For example, Saudi Arabia has experienced very high growth rates due to the richly endowed lands which contain much oil. In this developing economy, the oil exploitation was vital for its growth. Some 3rd world countries are so poor, and lack such growth as Saudi Arabia, because they have insufficient land, or insufficient resources to produce goods and have a higher output, and therefore have a higher economic growth. Another supply side factor determining the growth rate of countries is labour, i.e. the number of workers in an economy. More workers mean more output, so should lead to economic growth. Growth rates in different countries may differ due to population differences, as an economy with a higher population, will have a larger workforce. Some countries have immigration laws which can help increase economic growth. For example, an economy can employ migrant labour, by allowing migrants into the country only if they are educated, and in a position to work. This includes only letting younger people into the country, so that there are... ..., and experiences high growth rates. China, one of the fastest growing countries, also concentrates strongly on educating people at a young age. Another factor influencing growth is the significance of international trade. In countries that don’t participate in international trade, such as , there is very slow or no economic growth. This is because it is very hard for one economy to produce all goods which people require. It is better to specialise in a few goods, use them, sell the surplus, and use the money to buy other goods from other economies, rather than the economy to produce everything itself, which is very inefficient. In this country, there is a much slower rate of economic growth compared to other countries. So altogether, there are many factors influencing economic growth, and this leads to different growth rates in different countries.

Tips and Tricks for Word 2010

Tips & Tricks for Microsoft Word 2010 Word 2007 Upgrade Scenario Before You Begin * Copy Contoso Business Plan (2007). docx from the Original folder to the Demo folder, then open the new file. * Click FileOptionsSave. * Make sure the auto-save/auto-recovery options are checked. You may want to reduce the auto-save time to 5 minutes. * Open Co-authoring & Web App Demo (2007). pptx; minimize it. * Open Excel Chart. xlsx; do not minimize. * Open the MVC Music Store Tutorial. pdf and scroll down to PDF page 5 (Overview); do not minimize.Introduction If you are one of the millions of Office 2007 users who rely on Microsoft ® Word to create documents for business, school, or personal projects, you might have some expectations for what you’ll find in this new version. Whether you want faster, more convenient ways to accomplish everyday tasks or new technologies that help take your results to a new level, Microsoft Word 2010 has the tools you need. * Create better documents that hel p your important content shine. * Work more quickly and easily when working with others on documents. Access and edit your documents when it’s convenient for you—online or on the road—rather than being tied to your computer. New and improved tools for formatting and managing documents make it easier than ever to create incredible content. Working with others on documents no longer means waiting your turn. And, you can access and work on your files where and when your best ideas occur. Welcome to Word 2010—our most powerful, intuitive, and customizable release yet. Getting Started Feature| What You Say| Where You Click|Introduction| The improved, customizable Ribbon, available in all Office 2010 applications, replaces traditional menus and toolbars to give you a more personalized work experience. It’s designed to help you more easily find and use the full range of features that Word provides—so that you can get more done in less time. | The R ibbon| As in Word 2007, the standard tabs that you see on the Ribbon are organized to display commands relevant to a given task, so that you can find what you need more quickly. * Point out the familiar Ribbon interface, including the tabs and Quick Access toolbar| Backstage View| On the left edge of the Ribbon you see the File tab. Click the File tab to access the new Backstage view, a single location for all of your document management tasks. When you first open Backstage view, you’re on the Info tab. From this one location, you can manage document protection options, view and edit file properties, and much more. The New tab displays available document templates.The Print tab provides a new, integrated print experience with a full page Print Preview right alongside all of the print options you need. | * Click the File tab * Point out the Info tab * Click the New tab * Click the Print tab| Create a Custom Ribbon Tab/Group| Use customizations in Options to personalize the rib bon the way that you want it. For example, you can create custom tabs and custom groups to contain your frequently used commands. Please note: You can rename and change the order of the default tabs and groups that are built-into Microsoft Office 2010.However, you cannot rename the default commands, change the icons associated with these default commands, or change the order of these commands. | * Click Options * Click Customize Ribbon * Click New Tab * Click the new New Tab (Custom) in the Main Tabs list * Click Rename * Change the display name to My Tab * Click OK * Click New Group (Custom) * Click Rename * Change the display name to Favorite Commands * Click the icon of the person in a suit/tie * Click OK| Add Commands to a Custom Tab/Group| You can only add commands to a custom group that is under a custom or default tab.You cannot add commands to a default group. Only commands added to custom groups can be renamed. | * In the left column, click New Comment * Click Add * In the left column, click Paste (with dropdown arrow) * Click Add * In the left column, click Table * Click Add| Import/Export a Custom Tab| You can export your ribbon and Quick Access Toolbar customizations into a file that can be imported and used by a coworker or on another computer. * Click the Import/Export dropdown * Point out (don’t click) the options * Click the Import/Export dropdown again * Click OK * Click the new My Tab| Paste with Live Preview| In addition to the new customizable Ribbon, you can use the new Paste with Live Preview feature to preview your Paste Options before you paste. | * Switch to Excel Chart. xlsx * Right-click the Excel chart and select Copy * Switch back to Contoso Business Plan. ocx * Place the cursor below Future Financial Predictions * In My Tab, click the Paste dropdown * Hover over the paste options to show the Paste with Live Preview * Click the Use Destination Theme & Link Data command| Navigation Pane| The improved Navigation Pane in Word 2 010 (formerly called the Document Map) provides a visual representation of the heading structure of your document. Browse headings to quickly find your place within a document and just click to go to that location. You can easily drag and drop to rearrange headings and the content beneath them. * Click the View tab * Check the box next to Navigation Pane * On the headings tab, click the Market Analysis Summary heading * Click the Future Financial Predictions heading * Click and drag the Future Financial Predictions heading down to the bottom of the document * (Click off any selected text to deselect it)| Search Document| The improved Find experience is also seamlessly integrated in the Navigation Pane. Word 2010 automatically searches as you type the term you’re looking for, visually highlighting all matches.The new results view in the Navigation pane shows a quick preview of all search matches—click any preview to jump to that point in the document. The familiar Find and Replace dialog box is still available for more advanced searches and Replace tasks. | * In the Navigation Pane, click the search results (third) tab * In the search field, type Contoso * Show the results in the Navigation Pane and in the document * Click the first Navigation Pane result to be taken directly to the occurrence * Click the X on the Navigation Pane to close it | Bring Your Ideas to LifeFeature| What You Say| Where You Click| Introduction| Today’s documents range from simple letters and lists, to forms, complex reports and papers that used to require a professional print shop. But one thing is common to all of them—your documents represent your ideas. That’s why you want them to be more than just words on paper. Word 2010 gives you the tools to create the professional, polished documents that help you express yourself effectively. SmartArt Picture Layouts| Office 2010 adds dozens of additional SmartArt layouts for a total of more than 130 differe nt diagrams that you can create as easily as typing a bulleted list. In Word 2010, you can use the new SmartArt graphics picture layouts to tell your story with photographs or other images. If you already have pictures in your document, you can quickly convert them to a SmartArt graphic. Insert additional pictures in the SmartArt shapes of your picture layout diagram. Each shape also has a caption where you can add descriptive text. * Click the picture of boxes on a conveyer belt below Keys to Success * Click the Format tab on the Picture Tools contextual ribbon tab * In the Picture Styles group, click Picture Layout * Click the Bending Picture Caption List style (second row, fifth from left) * In the SmartArt text box type: * Products * Service * Value * Click the image placeholder next to Service * Navigate to the Demo folder and select Service. jpg * Click the image placeholder next to Value * Navigate to the Demo folder and select Value. pg * Click the SmartArt frame * Click and drag the right side of the frame until all images are on the same row| Picture Tools| Word 2010 brings many graphic enhancements to your work, so you can easily make the impact you want. Use the new and improved picture-editing tools to trim images and get just the look that you want. Another advanced picture editing option in Word 2010 is the ability to automatically remove unwanted portions of a picture, such as the background, to highlight the subject of the picture or to remove distracting detail. Note: You should practice these steps a few times before delivering the demonstration. * Click the picture of the earth below A Global Market * Click the Format tab on the Picture Tools contextual ribbon tab * Click Crop * Crop down the picture within a small margin of the earth on all sides * Click Crop * Click Remove Background * Resize the inner frame until the earth is entirely inside * Click Keep Changes| Picture Effects| You can now transform your images into compelling, vibrant visuals by fine-tuning the color intensity (saturation) and color tone (temperature) of a picture.You can also adjust brightness, contrast, sharpness, and blurriness, or you can recolor the picture to better match your document content and to make your work pop. With Word 2010, you can now apply sophisticated â€Å"artistic† effects to your picture to make the picture look more like a sketch, drawing, or painting. | * Click Corrections * Click Color * Click Artistic Effects * Click Pastels, Smooth (fourth row, four from left) * In thePicture Styles group, click Picture Effects * Click Shadow * Under Perspective, click the Below shadow * Click the Position button, then click the top-right position| Insert Screenshots| You can quickly and easily add a screenshot to your Office file to enhance the readability or capture information without leaving the program that you are working in. When you click the Screenshot button, you can insert the whole program window or use the Screen Clipping tool to select part of a window.Only windows that have not been minimized to the taskbar can be captured. | * Scroll down to page 4 * Place the cursor above the Order Number heading * Switch to Adobe PDF * Switch back to Word * Click the Insert tab * Click Screenshot * Click the thumbnail for the Adobe PDF * Click Undo * Click the Insert tab * Click Screenshot * Click Screen Clipping * Click and drag to select the image on the PDF page| Text Effects| You can apply the same types of formatting that you use for graphics and images directly to document text.Unlike WordArt from earlier versions of Word, you apply text effects to actual document text, so you can still edit and spell check that text and even add text effects to paragraph, character, list, or table styles. Available text effects include gradient fills, custom shadows, reflection, glow, soft edges, bevels and more, as well as a range of preset gallery options that enable you to quickly apply a coordinated set of e ffects. * Scroll up to page 3 * Click the text box frame (make sure the text box is selected, but the cursor is not blinking in the text box) * Click the Format tab in the Drawing Tools contextual ribbon tab * Click the Text Effects dropdown * Point out the available text effects * Click Reflection * Click Tight Reflection, 8pt offset (third row, first option)| OpenType| Word 2010 also provides support for advanced text-formatting features that include a range of ligature settings and your choice of stylistic sets and number forms.You can use these new features with many OpenType fonts to achieve that extra level of typographical polish. | Note: Many of these changes are subtle. * Click the Home tab * In the text box frame, select the word â€Å"letting† * In the Font group, click the Dialog Box Launcher * Click the Advanced tab * Click the Ligatures dropdown * Click Standard * Click the Stylistic Sets dropdown * Click 4 * Click the Stylistic Sets dropdown * Click 6 * Click C ancel| Recover Unsaved Work| It is now easier to recover a Word ocument if you close your file without saving, or if you want to review or return to an earlier version of the file you're already working in. You can keep the last autosaved version of a file in case you accidentally close that file without saving, so that you can easily restore it the next time that you open the file. Also, while you are working in your file, you can access a list of the autosaved files from the Microsoft Office Backstage view. | * Close Word * Click Don’t Save * Open Contoso Business Plan (2007). ocx again from the Demo folder * Click the File tab * Click the most recent unsaved version in the Versions section * Click Restore * Click OK| Work Together More Effectively Feature| What You Say| Where You Click| Introduction| You may need to share documents with colleagues, classmates or friends, or perhaps you need to work with others on a team project. Regardless, the complications and delays tha t can arise when sharing or working together on content can be frustrating to say the least. That is, until now.Word 2010 makes waiting your turn a thing of the past and gives you new and improved tools that make sharing your work simple and hassle-free. | Because of the Internet and multi-user requirements of the following capabilities, the rest of the demo will be run from PowerPoint. * Switch to Co-authoring ; Web App Demo (2003). pptx * Launch the slideshow * Right-click the slide * Click Pointer OptionsArrow OptionsVisible| Save to SharePoint/Web| From the Save ; Send tab in Backstage view, you can also save your document to an online location such as Windows Live SkyDrive or a SharePoint site.If the online folder is shared with others, you can use Word 2010 to co-author the document at a time that’s convenient for you. Please note: This is a Save As feature. Once saved to an online location, you should open and work with that version of the file. If you are using ShareP oint, you can synchronize your document library back to your local PC for offline access/editing. | * Click the File tab * Click Save ; Send * Click Save to Web * Click Save to SharePoint * Click anywhere to advance to black slide| Protected View| Opening the online file will likely reveal Office 2010’s Protected View.By default, documents that originate from an Internet source—or that may otherwise be likely to include potentially harmful content—are automatically opened in this limited functionality mode. If the document source is trusted, click the option to Enable Editing. | * Click anywhere to advance to next slide * Click Enable Editing * Click the File tab * Click Options * Click Trust Center * Click Trust Center Settings * Click Cancel * Click Cancel again| Co-authoring Notification| When working in a shared document, you will be notified when someone else opens the file to begin editing.View the names of all current editors at-a-glance from a pop-up lis t on the Status bar at the bottom of the screen. | * Wait two seconds for co-authoring pop-up notification * Click the X on the co-authoring pop-up notification| Streamlined Communications| When combined with Office Communicator or your favorite instant messaging application, you can view information about that person and initiate contact instantly via their contact card. * Click the co-authoring icon showing two people editing * Click Sanjay Patel * Click the more communications options dropdown on the communications pop-up window * Click off the communications pop-up window to hide it| Co-authoring| Co-authoring capabilities in Word 2010 enable you to simultaneously edit the same document with colleagues or friends. Automatically see who else is editing and where they are working in the document. Just save the document to see changes from other editors as you work. Your changes also become available to other editors each time you save. * Wait two seconds for Sanjay’s co-aut horing placeholder to appear in the document * Click Summary in the first heading * Click Summary again * Click the Save button to show the tooltip * Click the Save button again * Click OK * Point to Sanjay’s changes * Click anywhere to advance to the black slide| Anywhere Access to Your Work Feature| What You Say| Where You Click| Introduction| If your ideas, deadlines, and work emergencies don’t always occur conveniently when you are at your desk, you are certainly not alone. Fortunately, Word 2010 gives you the power to get things done when and where you want.In addition to viewing and updating documents in Word Mobile on Windows Phone 7, you can use Word Web App to view and edit your documents from any Web-connected PC. | Word Web App| Word Web App extends your Word experience to the web browser, where you can work with documents directly on the website where the document is stored. Word Web App is available for personal use in Windows Live SkyDrive, in organizatio ns that have installed and configured Office Web Apps on their SharePoint site, and for professionals and businesses that subscribe to select Office 365 services. * Click anywhere to advance to the next slide| Word Web App (Read)| When you open your document in SkyDrive or SharePoint, Word Web App opens the document in the browser. The layout and formatting are what you would see if you were to open the document in Print Layout view in Word. The Read view features a File tab and Find command to search for words or phrases. | * Click the File tab * Click the File tab again * Click Find * Click the search field * Click the magnifying glass icon * Point out the search results| Word Web App (Edit)| If you want to make changes to the document, click Edit in Browser.In Editing view, you can add and delete content, and format text. Layout is simplified in Editing view, and items that the view cannot display are shown as placeholders. The placeholders prevent you from unintentionally deleti ng content that can be displayed but not edited in Word Web App. | * Click Edit in Browser * Click the Insert tab * Click the View tab * Click the Home tab * Click above Keys to Success * Click above Keys to Success again| Word Web App (Co-authoring)| When you are editing a document in Word Web App you might see notification that others are working in the document too.Like Word 2010, Word Web App allows co-authoring: more than one person can work in a document at the same time. | * Wait two seconds for co-authoring notification to appear| Word Web App (Open in Word)| Editing in Word Web App is best suited for quick changes, such as making a correction, inserting a picture, or adding more text. If you want the full set of Word capabilities, click the File tab, and then click Open in Word. | * Click Open in Word * Click OK| SummaryWhether you want faster, more convenient ways to accomplish everyday tasks or new technologies that help take your results to a new level, Microsoft Word 20 10 has the tools you need. * Create better documents that help your important content shine. * Work more quickly and easily when working with others on documents. * Access and edit your documents when it’s convenient for you—online or on the road—rather than being tied to your

The Truth On Empowerment

1. Empowerment has been criticized since it leaves no one in particular accountable. The goal of empowerment is to provide power to the individual. Each individual is trusted to make his or her own decisions regarding his or her life and work. In this way the individual is also provided with the opportunity to take responsibility for his or her own situation in life and work. Empowerment of course has many levels. Politically, it means that each group of individuals within a society is given the same power and rights as all others. All sectors of society are for example allowed to vote, voice their opinions and follow political channels for change without the need to fear unreasonable persecution or other repercussions. In work, empowerment means that all individuals are allowed to apply for jobs where the likelihood of being accepted for employment depends on nothing except their qualification level. In life, empowerment means that each individual has the same rights to do the same things in society, i.e. enter public places, make use of public transportation, and the like. In terms of accountability, I do not believe that the criticism leveled against empowerment is valid. Instead of only a single entity being accountable for the actions within the whole of society, every individual is now required to take his or her own responsibility for his or her own life and actions. Individual accountability means that responsibility for individual actions lies with the individual. Collective actions are accounted for by groups of people. In this way accountability cannot be required only of leaders or other empowered individuals. Empowerment has the advantage of placing accountability at the location of every person taking certain actions. Indeed, this results in a more responsible society where fewer crimes are committed. Individuals know that certain actions will lead to certain consequences, and this knowledge leads to the accountability necessary to ensure a stable society (Dewettinck, Singh, & Buyens, 2003). 2. â€Å"We practice empowerment because we don't expect our employees to leave their brains at the door.† In the current workplace situation, a business is held to function much better when individuals are given the opportunity to develop to their full potential. Workplace empowerment then means not only empowering individuals to enter any workplace for which they adequately qualify, but also that they function as intelligent beings within this situation. Employees are given the power to think critically about the tasks they are assigned, in order to do these tasks to the best of their ability (Dewettinck, Singh, & Buyens, 2003). Employees are therefore expected to think for themselves. This allows for much more creativity within the company. Leaders who empower their employees have the advantage of a large amount of creative energy to provide solutions to difficult problems. Sharing the power in this way therefore means that the collective company ultimately possesses greater collective power in the business world. Furthermore empowerment within a company means that individuals are recognized for their ability to think individually and creatively. A possible drawback of this approach is that all employees may not be ready to use their individual thinking skills in order to provide the company with creative energy. Indeed, empowering individuals who are not ready could mean disaster for such a company, as incorrect, unmonitored decisions and actions could be very detrimental. It is therefore probably a good idea to first monitor all decisions for which an individual is newly empowered (St. John's University, 1993). Basically, empowerment within a company can greatly enhance its decision-making and creative power. Such empowerment has to be handled with great care, however. Individuals need to be monitored for their readiness to take responsibility within the company. 3. Leadership Style(s)that are related to the statement â€Å"Empowerment has been criticized since it leaves no one in particular accountable†. There are mainly two leadership styles that may criticize empowerment for its apparent lack of particular accountability. These include the directing and coaching style of leadership. With all three of these, the ultimate responsibility lies directly with the leader, although the level of employee responsibility varies (Dewettinck, Singh, & Buyens, 2003). Directing leadership entails a high level of directing and low supportive behavior. All employee actions are directly supervised by the leader, and the leader also takes responsibility for all the decisions. Low supportive behavior then means that the leader determines the tasks necessary, and seldom listens to input from employees. Employees are expected to do what they are told without critically examining decisions. Accountability is then directly with the leader, as employees are in a state of receiving orders and carrying them out without question. In coaching leadership, there is a high level of both directive and supportive behavior. As in the directing style, the leader makes all decisions. However, this process contrasts with the first style, as employees are more actively included: decisions are explained, while the work is continually monitored. Feedback is also given on a continual basis, and employees are expected to learn from their work. All final decisions and responsibilities are with the leader, although employees are allowed to provide input (Chimaera Consulting Ltd, 1999). The argument against empowerment here is then that too many decision makers within a company could defeat the purpose of a company to act as a single entity. There would be no overall leadership paradigm, where a single entity could take the responsibility for any problems. Empowerment in this way would then undermine the collective purpose of the company to conduct their business in a single-minded and focused manner. 4. Leadership Style(s) that are related to the statement â€Å"WE practice empowerment since we don't expect our employees to leave their brains at the door†. Leadership styles that support the above statements include the delegating and supporting leadership styles. The paradigm behind these styles of leadership is, as mentioned above, to make full use of the inherent and creative brainpower of each employee for the benefit of the company. While the overall directive and responsibility for unity still lies with top management, leadership is seen to a great degree as a partnership rather than an unequal power relationship. The delegating style of leadership entails low directive as well as low supportive behavior. The leader provides each employee with tasks. The employee is then expected to carry these out individually, with responsibility, and with the minimum supervision. In this style, the ability of individuals to make critical decisions and carry out tasks unsupervised is recognized. Individuals are therefore empowered to make most decisions, because this leadership style recognizes their ability to do so. Low support means that monitoring is absent to a great degree, while employees are expected to implement their own thinking skills without necessarily first consulting the leader. Problems could arise when incorrect decisions are implemented. Nevertheless, the responsibility for such results then lie with the individual who made the decision, and not with the leader (Chimaera Consulting Ltd., 1999). The supporting leadership style entails low directive, but high supporting behavior. This means that employees are still empowered to make their own, self-reliant decisions, but that they are encouraged and given feedback while doing so. The risk of faulty decision making is lower, as supporting leaders take a more active role than delegating ones. Other behaviors included in this paradigm are collaborating and appreciating actions. Individuals are therefore empowered and recognized for their brain power, but also monitored and led more actively. 5. Situational Leadership and Empowerment. Situational leadership is seen as the new leadership style in order to optimize business practice and revenue. Not only employees, but also leaders, are empowered under this paradigm. Situational leadership means to incorporated whichever leadership style is most appropriate for particular situations. This is done by monitoring the development level of employees. Situational leaders recognized that not all employees may be ready at all times to receive full empowerment, and leadership styles are adjusted accordingly. It is furthermore recognized that development may cease or even regress, and once again leadership flexibility is of the highest importance (Chimaera Consulting Ltd., 1999). In terms of empowerment, situational leadership does not see this as the most important element of business. Although empowerment does play a powerful role, leaders recognize the changing nature of humanity, and adjust their leadership style accordingly. Employee development therefore plays a more important role than empowerment itself. Empowerment is only bestowed when employees are ready for it. Furthermore, the level of empowerment is carefully monitored in order to fit the development of the employee involved. If an employee is for example very developed in his or her assigned job situation, the delegation leadership style would be used. For employees just entering their profession on the other hand, a leadership style with a low empowerment level such as directive leadership would be used. Situational leadership therefore incorporates all of the leadership styles as it suits each particular situation. Flexibility rather than empowerment is the most important element in situational leadership. This requires continual monitoring of each employee situation within the company. Through situational leadership then, each employee is monitored for the maximum benefit of both employees and management.

Gaspar Aquino de Belén Essay

Gaspar Aquino de Belen is a Filipina poet and translator of the 17th century, author in particular of Pasyon, a famous poetic of passion, died narration and resurrection of Christ. Filipino natives, generally were not taught Spanish, but the bilingual individuals, notably poet-translator Gaspar Aquino de Belen, produced devotional poetry written in the Roman script in the Tagalog language. Pasyon, begun by Aquino de Belen, is a narrative of the passion, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, which has circulated in many versions. Gaspar Aquino de Belen was a Filipino poet and translator of the 17th century, known for authoring a 1704 rendition of the Pasyon: a famous poetic narrative of the passion, death and resurrection of Jesus, which has circulated in many versions. Generally Filipino natives were not taught Spanish, but the bilingual individuals, notably poet-translator Aquino de Belen, produced devotional poetry written in Latin script in the Tagalog language. Gaspar Aquino de Belen is a Filipino writer, poet and translator during the 17th century. Aquino de Belen was known for his work Mahal na Passion ni Jesu Christong Panginoon Natin na Tola, which was published in Manila by the Imprenta de la Compania por Nicolas de la Cruz Bagay in 1760. Filipino natives generally were not taught Spanish, but bilingual individuals called ladino, notably poet-translator Gaspar Aquino de Belen, produced devotional poetry written in the Tagalog language using Roman script. Pasyon, began by Aquino de Belen, is a narrative of the passion, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ.